Which statements regarding G-banding are true?

G-banding is a technique used in cytogenetics to produce a characteristic pattern of light and dark bands on chromosomes, allowing for the identification and analysis of chromosomal structures and abnormalities.

The statement regarding G-banding correlating with the chromomere pattern of pachytene chromosomes is accurate because G-banding patterns are reflective of the chromatin organization found during different stages of cell division. Specifically, during the pachytene stage of meiosis, chromosomes exhibit distinct banding patterns that are indicative of their underlying chromatin structure. The dark bands seen in G-banding correspond to areas of densely packed heterochromatin, while the light bands reflect more loosely packed euchromatin. Thus, the G-banding patterns created by staining align well with the chromomere patterns observed in pachytene chromosomes.

The other statements do not hold true within the context of G-banding. For example, dark bands actually correspond to late-replicating regions of DNA rather than early, and proper fixation methods are essential for effective chromosome spreading. Furthermore, G-banding is not limited only to sex chromosomes but is a general technique used for all chromosomes to facilitate detailed analysis and karyotyping.